Correlation Between Bone Mineral Density and Anthropometric and Glycemic Parameters in Type 1 Diabetic Children

Abstract

Background: The foundation of bone health is established during the pre and postnatal
developmental stages especially childhood and adolescence. During this period the bone
development may be altered by genetic and acquired disorders. Type 1 diabetes mellitus is one of
chronic diseases in children and has great impact on the growth of children.
Objective: To access bone mineral density in type 1 diabetic children of 9-15 years as
compared to age matched healthy subjects and correlate these values with anthropometric and
glycemic parameters.
Subjects and Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out in 60 boys 9-15 years old ,
in Department of Physiology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore. The control group consisted
of 30 healthy boys and diabetic group comprised of 30 boys suffering from type 1 diabetes
mellitus. Weight, height were measured and BMI was calculated. Fasting blood glucose was
determined by glucose oxidase method and HbA1c by affinity liquid chromatography. Bone
mineral density was measured with bone profiler based on quantitative ultrasound measurement
(QUS).
Results: There was statistically non significant (p >0.05) difference of bone mineral density in
diabetic and non-diabetic boys. The correlations between bone mineral density and
anthropometric and glycemic parameters were not significant (p>0.05).A significant negative
(p<0.05) correlation was observed between duration of diabetes and height. Significant (p<0.05)
positive correlations were also observed between age and weight and age and height in diabetic
boys.
Conclusion: In type 1 diabetic children, bone mineral density, height and weight are not
significantly affected by glycemic parameters but duration of diabetes has a significant negative
impact on height in children.