Role of Prophylactic Antibiotics on Surgical Site Infection in Elective Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

Abstract

Objective: To compare the frequency of post-operative surgical site infection in patients receiving
prophylactic antibiotics and without prophylactic antibiotics after elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Method: Randomized Controlled Trial carried out at Surgical Unit-1, Holy family Hospital, Rawalpindi.
Duration of this was 1st May 2019 to 31st Oct 2019.
Total 218 patients were enlisted according to the inclusion criteria of the study. Patients were randomly
divided into two equal groups. Group A was given prophylactic antibiotic before surgery and Group B was
considered as placebo. Outcomes were measured in terms of frequency of postoperative surgical site
infection in patients of both groups. A p-value of 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: Mean age (years) in the study was 45.62+12.66 whereas there were 128 (58.1%) male and 90
(41.3%) female patients. Frequency and percentage of post-operative surgical site infection in patients
among both the groups was 9 (8.3%) and 2 (1.8%) respectively which was statistically significant (p-value
0.03).
Conclusion: The study concluded that there is a difference in frequency of surgical site infection in patient
receiving prophylactic antibiotics and those with not receiving antibiotics, undergoing laparoscopic
cholecystectomy. This is likely to be happen because of the overuse of antibiotics which are the key factors
contributing to antibiotic resistance. Hence, it would be advisable that general public and doctors should play
a role in order to avoid unnecessary exposure of antibiotics to the patient which don't play any significant role
on post-operative surgical site infection.

How to cite: Siddique S, Dar SM, Qureshi U, Ahmad S, Khan JS. Role of Prophylactic Antibiotics on Surgical Site Infection in
Elective Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy. Esculapio - JSIMS 2022;18(03):345-349