Physiology of Growth

Abstract

Growth is characterized by addition of newly formed protoplasmic mass to the existing cells or laying down of new cells . Growth is a complex phenomenon which is affected not only by growth hormone and somatomedins but also by insulin, thyroid hormones, androgens estrogens and glucocorticoids. It is also affected by genetic and racial factors, and adequate nutrition. It is normally accompanied by a sequence of maturation changes and it involves protein synthesis and increase in length and size but not just an increase in weight. Which could reflect formation of fat or retention of salt and water rather than growth . (Figure-I). The
growth process involves cell division and net protein synthesis throughout the body, but of a person, height is determined specifically by bone
growth, particularly of the vertebral column and
legs . Ordered, controlled growth is essential for
development and maintenance of normal human