Frequency of Low Bone Mineral Density in Local Population at Rahim Yar Khan

Abstract

Objective: To determine the frequency of low bone mineral Density in different age groups and
sex of local population at Sheikh Zayed Medical college, Rahim Yar Khan .
Methods: This cross sectional comparative study was carried out at the Outpatient Department
of Medicine Sheikh Zayed Medical college Rahim Yar Khan from January 2016 to December
2016. Patients from both genders were recruited for the study. Three thousand fifty two patients
were included in the study. Brief history was taken and height and weight were recorded and Bone
Mineral Density (BMD) was calculated. Bone mineral density was measured in all patients by
DXA scan.
Results: Out of 3052 patients, 37.1% belong to age less than 30 years and 47.9% belong to age
between 31 to 50 years and 15% were more than 50 year of age. Out of 3052 patients, 42.5%
were male and 57.5% were female. Out of these patients 1809 (59.3%) had normal BMD while
1243 (40.7%) had abnormal BMD. out of these, 1142 patients (37.4%) had osteopenia, while 101
patients (3.3%) had osteoporosis. The lowest BMD values were observed in the age group more
than 50 years, where 47.1% had normal BMD, 40.5% had osteopenia and 8.1% had
osteoporosis. While in the age group between 31-50 year, 58.3% had normal BMD, 38.7% had
osteopenia and 2.9% had osteoporosis. While in age group less than 30 years 65.4% patients
had normal BMD, 32.7% had osteopenia and 1.9% had osteoporosis. Regarding sex, out of 1297
male patients 57.2% had normal BMD. 39.2% had osteopenia and 3.6% had osteoporosis. Out of
3052 patient 1755 were female. About 60.8% had normal BMD, while 36.1% had osteopenia and
3.1% had osteoporosis.
Conclusions: The study showed high prevalence of low bone mineral Density in local
population of Rahim Yar Khan in both females as well as males. This study showed that in
comparison with female, male patients also need special attention to their bone health.