Iron Deficiency anemia & adverse events after ST Elevation acute myocardial infarction

Abstract

Objectives: Study objective was to look for the frequency of iron deficiency in ischemic heart disease patients presenting with acute ST elevation myocardial infarction and to see the association of adverse coronary events with iron deficiency among these patients
Methods: It was a cross-sectional study conducted on three hundred and seventeen patients at coronary care unit/Medical unit of services hospital Lahore. Serum ferritin, iron, and transferrin were measured by using automated immunoassays in patient admitted with acute myocardial infarction and adverse events developed after myocardial were recorded at 5th day of admission. Frequency of iron deficiency anemia was determined in these patients. Adverse events after acute myocardial infarction such as development of recurrent MI, unstable angina, arrhythmias, pericarditis, (EF <50%), adverse outcomes in the form of mechanical complications (ventricular septal defect or mitral regurgitation, and significant impairment of left ventricular functions, stroke and death rate was studied in these patients. Chi-square test was used to see association of iron deficiency anemia with adverse events developed after myocardial infarction.
Results: Frequency of iron deficiency was 82% among patients suffering from acute myocardial infarction. There was significant association of anemia with Post myocardial infarction heart failure (P=0.006), Low EF<50 %( P=0.00), increased mortality (0.076) and pericarditis (P= 0.069).Iron deficiency was associated with of adverse outcomes after myocardial infarction.
Conclusion: Increased frequency of iron deficiency anemia was recorded in patients suffering from acute myocardial infarction and it was significantly associated with the post myocardial infarction adverse events.