Hyperglycemia and Its Impact on Length of Stay in Patients Hospitalized with Community-Acquired Pneumonia

Abstract

Objectives:
1. To determine the frequency of hyperglycemia in hospitalized patients with community acquired pneumonia
2. To compare mean hospital stay in patients with and without hyperglycemia admitted with CAP.
Methods: It was a descriptive, case series done at Department of Medicine, Services Hospital, Lahore, in 2016. With non-probability, consecutive sampling technique a sample size of 150 cases is calculated with 95% confidence level, 8% margin of error and talking expected percentage of hyperglycemia as 38.2% in hospitalized patients with community acquired pneumonia.
Results: Out of total 150 cases of CAP there were 85 (56.67%) males with mean age of 47.61±14.66 years. Hyperglycemia was seen in 46 (30.67%) patients with CAP. There was equal distribution of hyperglycemia with respect to gender and age groups with p= 0.56 and 0.24 respectively. Hyperglycemia was more in those having temperature more than 101oF however this difference was not significant with p= 0.32. There was significant difference seen in terms of length of hospital stay,4.07±1.51 days in hyperglycemic and 2.85±1.31
days in normoglycemics with p= 0.001. The length of hospital stay was near significant high in males,4.31±1.56 days (p= 0.08), while non -significant in females with p= 0.30. There was no significant difference in terms of age groups in cases with or without hyperglycemia with p= 0.56 and 0.78. The length of hospital stay was longer in those that had temperature more than 101oF,4.29±1.26 days with hyperglycemia as compared to 2.88±1.34 days in normoglycemics with p= 0.13.
Conclusion: Community acquired pneumonia is an important infectious health concern. It is associated with high blood glucose and the length of hospital stay is found significantly high in cases of hyperglycemia.