Assessment of Oral Health and Oral Hygiene Practices of Transgender Community in Lahore
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51273/esc23.25131932Keywords:
Oral Health, Oral Hygiene, Trans-gendersAbstract
Objective: The objective of the current study was to assess the oral health of Trans-genders in Lahore City.
Material and Methods: This study was designed as a descriptive cross-sectional study to assess the oral health statuses and oral hygiene practices of trans-genders in Lahore city. The data was collected using a validated questionnaire. Prior to participating in the study, all participants signed a consent form.
Results: The study included 149 participants who were all trans-genders residing in Lahore city. Each participant was assessed and examined individually during the survey. The age of the participants ranged from 19 to 60 years, with a mean age of 36.49 years (SD=10.036). The mean number of decayed teeth (D) was 3.4 (SD=1.531), while the mean number of missing teeth (M) was 2.94 (SD=1.497). On average, participants had 0.52 filled teeth (F) (SD=0.15), and the total DMFT score (T) ranged from 1 to 18, with a mean of 6.86 (SD=2.99).
Conclusion: Through this study, It was observed that caries experience among trans-gender community of Lahore is at high levels. Therefore, it is recommended that they undergo regular oral health checkups and take necessary preventive measures. This includes adopting proper brushing techniques and using other oral health aids to promote overall oral health.
References
- Mattia M, Biehler-Gomez L, Palamenghi A, Nichetti D, Caccia G, Sguazza E, De Angelis D, Galimberti PM, Fedeli AM, Slavazzi F, Cattaneo C. “Man is what he eats”. Plant residues from dental calculus in the ancient population of Milano from Roman times to modernage.JournalofArchaeologicalScience:Reports. 2021 Oct 1;39:103180.
- Shroff S. Operationalizing the “new” Pakistani trans gender citizen: Legal gendered grammars and trans frames offeeling.InGender, Sexuality, Decolonization 2020 Dec 28 (pp. 260-282). Routledge India.
- Nanda S. Gender diversity: cross cultural variations. IL: Waveland Press; 2000.
- Batool S, Rowland DL. The Critical Role of Coping Strategies in Moderating Loneliness and Quality of Life: Parallel and Unique Processes amongTransgender and Heterosexual Cisgender People in Pakistan. Inter nationalJournal ofEnvironmentalResearch andPublic Health. 2021 Aug 29;18(17):9109.
- Rehan N, Chaudhary I, Shah SK. Socio-sexual beha viour of hijras of Lahore.J Pak MedAssoc.June 2009; 59(6):380-4. PMID 19534373.
- MarlechaR,VinitaM,KeshavA,PradeepC,Nagavalli K, Salam H. Oral health status, dental awareness, and dental services utilization barriers among transgender population in Chennai. Drug Invention Today. 2020 Jul 15;14(7).
- Elghazally NM, Aldeib AF, Saied SM. Oral Health Status among Medical Students:AComparative Study between Egyptian and Malaysian Students. The Egyp tian Family Medicine Journal. 2021 May 1;5(1):5-16.
- Greene MZ, France K, Kreider EF, Wolfe-Roubatis E, Chen KD, Wu A, Yehia BR. Comparing medical, dental, and nursing students’preparedness to address lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer health. PLoS One. 2018 Sep 20;13(9):e0204104.
- ZeemanL,SherriffN,BrowneK,McGlynnN,Mirandola M,GiosL,DavisR,Sanchez-LambertJ,AujeanS,Pinto N, Farinella F.Areview of lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans and intersex (LGBTI) health and healthcare inequalities. European journal of public health. 2019 Oct 1;29(5): 974-80.
- ManpreetK,AjmalMB,RaheelSA,SaleemMC,MubeenK, Gaballah K, Faden A, Kujan O. Oral health status among transgender young adults: a cross-sectional study. BMC Oral Health. 2021 Nov 12;21(1):575.
- Teti M, Kerr S,Bauerband LA, Koegler E, GravesR.A qualitative scoping review of transgender and gender non-conforming people's physical healthcare experien ces and needs. Frontiers in Public Health. 2021 Feb 5; 9: 598455.
- Raisin JA,Adkins D, Schwartz SB. Understanding and caring for LGBTQ+ youth by the oral health care pro vider. Dental Clinics. 2021 Oct 1;65(4):705-17.
- Kalyan P, Dave B, Deshpande N, Panchal D. A study to assess the periodontal status of eunuchs residing in CentralGujarat,India:Across-sectionalstudy.Advances in Human Biology. 2020 Sep 1;10(3):162.
- Nagarajan M, SrinivasanV,Ranganathan K. Prevalence of loss of teeth among Gay, Bisexuals and Transgenders
populationsinKaraikal,Puducherry,India.ActaBiomed Sci. 2017;4:82-4.
- Bretherton I, Thrower E, Zwickl S, Wong A, Chetcuti D, Grossmann M, Zajac JD, Cheung AS. The health and well-being of transgender Australians: a national communitysurvey.LGBThealth.2021Jan1;8(1):42-9.
- Arthur S,JamiesonA, Cross H, Nambiar K, Llewellyn CD. Medicalstudents’awareness of health issues, atti tudes, and confidence about caring for lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender patients: a cross-sectional survey.BMCMedicalEducation.2021Dec;21(1):1-8.
- Lindsay S, Rezai M, Kolne K, Osten V. Outcomes of gender-sensitivity educationalinterventionsfor health care providers:Asystematic review. Health Education Journal. 2019 Dec;78(8):958-76.
- Raisin JA, Keels MA, Roberts MW, Divaris K,Jain N, AdkinsDW.Barriersto oral health care fortransgender and gender nonbinary populations. The Journal of the American DentalAssociation. 2023 May 1;154(5): 384-92.
- GadhirajuT,Jalihal S,AnkolaAV, Pai KhotAJ,TomA, K RS. Prevalence of Dental Caries and Periodontal Disease amongTransgendersinBelagaviDistrict,Kar nataka, India: A Cross‐sectional Study. Special Care in Dentistry. 2022 Nov 26.
- Ovia, D. Revathi, Dhanraj Ganapathy. “Oral hygiene in transgender of Chennai city”.21-10-2018.
- Kumar G, Rai S. Assessment of oral health status and treatment needs of HIVpositive transgendersin Odisha a cross-sectionalstudy.Journal of PreventiveMedicine and Hygiene. 2022 Jun;63(2):E320.
- MarlechaR,VinitaM,KeshavA,PradeepC,Nagavalli K, Salam H. Oral health status, dental awareness, and
dental services utilization barriers among transgender population in Chennai. Drug Invention Today. 2020 Jul 15;14(7).
- Scheim AI, Baker KE, Restar AJ, Sell RL. Health and health care among transgender adults in the United States. Annual review of public health. 2022 Apr 5; 43: 503-23.
- Rodriguez A, Agardh A, Asamoah BO. Self-reported discrimination in health-care settings based on recog nizability astransgender: a cross-sectionalstudy among transgender US citizens. Archives of sexual behavior. 2018 May;47:973-85.
- RuppertR, Kattari SK, Sussman S. Prevalence of addic tions among transgender and gender diverse subgroups. International journal of environmental research and public health. 2021 Aug 22;18(16):884
