Pollution and Health: A Silent Crisis in LMICs

Abstract

Pollution has emerged as one of the gravest health crises in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) in past years. Its impact on public health is often overlooked amidst economic struggles and competing priorities. From toxic air to contaminated water and hazardous waste, pollution relentlessly erodes the health of millions. It keeps on straining fragile healthcare systems and deepening
socioeconomic disparities. Pollution in LMICs is not a singular problem but a complex web of environmental hazards. Air
pollution, largely driven by urbanization, industrial emissions, and reliance on fossil fuels. It claims nearly 4.5 million lives annually, according to the WHO. In Punjab, Pakistan, the severe smog crisis has significantly impacted public health. There were over 2 million residents seeking medical care for smog related illnesses in a single month. Lahore, the most affected city, recorded an Air Quality Index (AQI) of 1,100, indicating hazardous air quality.